Water:

Outside of the LED faces, water is the most important element of Plesna's fountain design. The architects needed to find a way to pump and re-circulate the water, to evenly distribute the water over the fountain's top, and to create an arcing "spit" that won't knock people over, all of these standing up over time. With numerous consultants, full scale mock-ups became the norm for the project, testing the glass and LED, but also the water at each step in its journey. To deal with the aforementioned possibility of dirt, a filter is used to remove impurities from the re-circulated plaza water. The water is piped from an underground pump (at the level of, and adjacent to, the parking garage) to tubs along the perimeter parapet. A custom glass block was made for the edge, curving 90 degrees to create the impression of an invisible edge though also giving the water a gentle surface as it begins its descent. To create the effect of the faces spitting, another custom piece was created, a plastic nozzle fitted to the stainless steel frame. Via various mock-ups, the right hole size, quantity, spacing, etc. was determined so the city and the architect would not incur lawsuits for knocking over or hurting any kids getting hit with the stream.

Crown Fountain in Chicago, Illinois by Jaume Plensa and Krueck & Sexton

2005.03.07